This handout will explain the parts of the ear and how we hear. It is composed of fibroelastic cartilage covered with skin. This article will focus on the anatomy of the external ear its structure, neurovasculature, and its clinical correlations. Anatomy and orientation of the human external ear lynn s.
Anatomy of the outer ear ear pinna is the outer earit is thin skin covering elastic cartilage. The outer ear is called the pinna and is made of ridged cartilage covered by skin. Gross anatomy of the middle ear boundaries,contents and functions animation duration. This structure helps to give each of us our unique appearance. In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three partsthe outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. On the other side of the tympanic membrane lies the middle ear, or tympanic cavity. This in turn causes the eardrum to vibrate, which sets. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Basic average mean dimensions of the human ear pinna.
Jan 18, 2018 hair cells are arranged in rows along the length. Anatomy, external auditory meatus, external ear, nomenclature, orientation. The inner ear labrynth bony labrynth membraneous labrynth 4. Learn outer ear anatomy with free interactive flashcards. Articles here youll find a range of short articles on basic anatomy and physiology topics, complete with a few test yourself questions for each one.
If ossiculoplasty is precluded due to a highly distorted anatomy, implantable bone anchored hearing aids baha, p. The ear converts sound waves from our surroundings into nerve signals that are carried by neurons to the brain. Bhanu prakash usmle, fmge and neet pg 28,960 views. In the pars flaccida, the lamina propria is less marked and the orientation of. The anatomy of the outer, middle and inner ear beltone. It gathers sound energy and focuses it on the eardrum tympanic membrane. Surgical anatomy and pathology of the middle ear wiley online. Since the outer ear is the only visible portion of the ear in most animals, the word ear often refers to the external part alone.
Concerning ear anatomy, the ear can be divided into three regions. It is graypink in color when healthy and consists of three very thin layers of living tissue. We hear with our ears and we listen with our brains. The ear is a unique organ that is not only necessary for hearing, but also for maintaining balance. These middle ear bones mechanically amplify sound and compensate mismatched impedance.
The tympanic membrane or eardrum serves as a divider between the outer ear and the middle ear structures. We value your privacy and promise never to send youread more. Images and pdf s just in case you get tired of looking at the screen weve provided images and pdf files that you can print out and use for offline practice. This is an airfilled, mucosalined cavity, which lies within the petrous portion of the temporal bone. This is the tube that connects the outer ear to the inside. The human ear is made up of three main parts, the outer, middle, and inner ear. To understand the primary functions of the outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, and auditory portions of the central nervous system. The human ear, like that of other mammals, contains sense organs that serve two quite different functions. A long marrow tube that opens in middle ear which leads to the pharynx. The anatomy of the outer and inner ear our ears are among the most complex organs. Tm balanced pressure situation between outer ear canal and tympanic cavity is signaled during otoscopy by a trian gular reflection of light. Although the name would suggest otherwise, ear mites can live on any part of the body although they generally live in the ears of cats.
Medication, drainage of fluid hearing aids amplify sounds cochlea implants inside the ear stimulates any functioning auditory nerves with electric field. Outer ear diagram labeled anatomy of the ear s photo, outer ear diagram labeled anatomy of the ear s image, outer ear diagram labeled anatomy of the ear s gallery the human ear is made up of 3 parts. Like a satellite dish sticking off the side of your head, the auricle collects sound waves and funnels them into the. Each outer and inner hair cell have sensory hair which are specialized microvilli. The ear is composed of four general areas that pick up sound waves and translate them into sounds in our brain. It sets three ossicle bones malleus, incus, stapes into motion, changing acoustic energy to mechanical energy. The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance.
The middle ear is flanked laterally by the eardrum and medially by a bony wall with two membranecovered openings, the oval window and the round window. Two outer ear conditions that may affect hearing testing are cerumen build up and collapsing ear canals. The role of the stapedius muscle in the middle ear reflex, and ultimately in attenuating. It consists of a thin plate of yellow elastic cartilage covered by closely adherent skin. Each has a different embryological origin, a specific structure and function and is affected by different disease processes. The crisp illustration is clearly marked for ease in understanding. Oct 12, 2015 gross anatomy of the middle ear boundaries,contents and functions animation duration. The outer ear gathers sound and allows it to pass through the ear canal to the eardrum.
It explores the outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, and how the ear processes sound. The outer ear consists of the visible portion called the auricle, or pinna, which projects from the side of the head, and the short external auditory canal, the inner end of which is closed by the tympanic membrane, commonly called the eardrum. The outer ear comes in all types of shapes and sizes. Acoustic energy, in the form of sound waves, passes pinna, ear canal. The pinna and external auditory canal form the outer ear, which is separated from the middle ear by the tympanic membrane. Webmds ear anatomy page provides a detailed image and definition of the ear as well as an overview of earrelated health problems.
Pinna auricle the auricle is the expanded portion that project from the side of the head. The glands are actually the ceruminous glands, which secrete cerumen. The inner earlabrynth bony labrynth membraneous labrynth 4. This is the tube that connects the outer ear to the inside or middle ear.
Choose from 500 different sets of outer ear anatomy flashcards on quizlet. Anatomy and physiology the outer ear the outer ear consists of the pinna auricle, the external ear canal external auditory meatus leading to the tympanic membrane. The outer ear is the visible portion that can be a strong indicator of the general mood of your horse, a tipoff as to where its attention is directed, and even a. Anatomy and physiology of the ear health encyclopedia. These include the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. Outer cerebral cortex inner regions of grey matter and white matter principal regions of the brain. In humans the auricle is an almost rudimentary, usually immobile shell that lies close to the side of the head. Dec 04, 2018 the tympanic membrane or eardrum serves as a divider between the outer ear and the middle ear structures. The outer ear consists of the visible portion called the auricle, or pinna, which projects from.
Jan, 2020 the ear is a unique organ that is not only necessary for hearing, but also for maintaining balance. They are the most common cause of otitis externa inflammation of the outer ear canal in cats. The external ear can be divided functionally and structurally into two parts. Structure and function of the auditory system chapter objectives to be able to identify basic anatomical landmarks of the outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, and auditory portions of the central nervous system. All three parts of the ear are important for detecting sound by working together to move sound from the outer part through the middle and into the inner part of the ear. The outer ear includes the pinna and the external auditory meatus, the ear canal. The ear is composed of four general areas that pick up sound waves.
All 3 are important for detecting sound by working together to move it. Anatomy and physiology of human ear ear it is an organ for hearing and maintenance of body equilibrium. The external auditory canal then channels the vi bration toward the eardrum, or tympanic membrane tm. Learn about the ears function in the body and test and.
The outer ear, external ear, or auris externa is the external portion of the ear, which consists of the auricle also pinna and the ear canal. It is controlled by the brain through the eighth cranial nerve called vestibulocochlear nerve. Outer ear middle ear inner ear central auditory nervous system 3. The lobule does not contain cartilage and is entirely made of fat and skin. Ppt anatomy of the ear powerpoint presentation free to. The outer or external ear is divided into two parts. Farmer abstract a knowledge of the external ear and tympanic membrane is essential to practicing audiologists. The outer ear the outermost part of the ear is the fullyvisible auricle. Sound funnels through the pinna into the external auditory canal, a short tube that ends at the eardrum tympanic.
This is the outer most part of the ear, distinguished into pinna and auditory canal external acoustic meatus. The anatomy of ear consists of external ear, middle ear and inner ear. This chapter discusses the anatomy and physiology of the inner ear, with emphasis on the vestibular organs and functions, and the vestibular pathways in the central nervous system. Sound waves hit the ear drum, causing it to vibrate like a drum. The outer or middle ear not functioning properly damage to the inner ear damage to the part of the brain that perceives auditory impulses treatment. It directs incoming sound waves to the external auditory canal, which is skinlined canal containing hair and sebaceous glands. The outer ear the pinna, also called the auricle, is part of the outer ear and the most visible portion figure 42. In the pars flaccida, the lamina propria is less marked and the orientation of the collagen fibres seems random. Some questions you should be able to answer by the end of this lecture. Its major function is to capture and direct sound waves into the ear canal. Ear mites are a common spiderlike external parasite which causes significant discomfort to the cat. Basic anatomy of the hearing system 283 bottom of the pinna, below the intertragal notch, there is a large soft flap called the lobule ear lobe. Ear anatomy activity the parts of a ear have been labeled. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id.
Anatomy and physiology of the external, middle and inner ear. Anatomy of the ear if you want to understand how the auditory system works, you must know the anatomy of the ear. The medical term for the outer ear is the auricle or pinna. Your challenge is to write the correct name for each part. The airfilled middle ear contains three tiny bones, the ossicles malleus, incus, and stapes, that transmit vibrations of the tympanic membrane to the inner ear. When you pop your ears as you change altitude going up a mountain or in an airplane, you are equalizing the air pressure in your middle ear. Anatomy and physiology of the ear how we hear communication is receiving and giving information. The outer ear, including the pinna, concha, and the ear canal to the ear drum, does not undergo any agerelated change that significantly affects auditory perception in everyday life. These focus sound onto the tympanic membrane, which begins the middle ear. The outer hair cells are arranged in three rows and inner hair cells are arranged in single row. The middle ear houses three ossicles, the malleus, incus and stapes and is connected to the back of the nose by the eustachian tube.
Anatomically, the ear has three distinguishable parts. Learn about the ear s function in the body and test and. This article provides an introduction to the anatomy of this area including dimensions. Webmds ear anatomy page provides a detailed image and definition of the ear as well as an overview of ear related health problems. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal. Most of the auricle is composed of cartilage, although the lower part the lobule, or earlobe, is made of loose connective tissue and fat. The pinna and external auditory canal form the outer ear, which is separated from the middle ear by. The moststriking differences between the human ear and the ears of other mammals are in the structure of the outermost part, the auricle.
700 505 279 997 434 1032 135 944 584 100 1396 140 416 517 995 397 1487 51 410 80 1325 1544 423 1401 828 230 332 1640 415 429 1148 1611 1135 1580 371 496 483 501 659 112 1291 540